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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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NaNbV(PO4)3: Multielectron NASICON-Type Anode Material for Na-Ion Batteries with Excellent Rate Capability.

Nellie R Khasanova1, Rodion V Panin1, Ilia R Cherkashchenko1,2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A novel NASICON-type sodium niobium vanadium phosphate material enables high-performance sodium-ion batteries. This electrode material offers a reversible capacity of 180 mAh·g-1 and excellent cycling stability for advanced energy storage.

Keywords:
NASICON-type structureNa-ion batteriesanode materialmultielectron reactionoperando XANESoperando diffractionrate capability

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sodium-ion batteries are a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to the abundance of sodium.
  • Development of high-performance electrode materials is crucial for advancing sodium-ion battery technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a NASICON-type NaNbV(PO4)3 electrode material for sodium-ion battery applications.
  • To investigate the electrochemical performance, reaction mechanism, and structural evolution of the material during cycling.

Main Methods:

  • Pechini sol-gel technique for material synthesis.
  • Electrochemical testing in a Na-ion cell.
  • Operando and ex situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) for structural analysis.
  • X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy for electronic structure investigation.

Main Results:

  • The NaNbV(PO4)3 material exhibits a reversible three-electron reaction involving Nb5+/Nb4+, Nb4+/Nb3+, and V3+/V2+ redox processes.
  • A high reversible capacity of 180 mAh·g-1 was achieved at an average potential of 1.55 V vs Na+/Na.
  • The material demonstrated excellent cycling stability, retaining 144 mAh·g-1 at 10 C, and reversible structural evolution.

Conclusions:

  • NASICON-type NaNbV(PO4)3 is a superior anode material for high-power and long-life sodium-ion batteries.
  • The material's robust framework and multielectron redox capability contribute to its excellent electrochemical performance.