Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Assessment of Stress Effects on Cognitive Flexibility using an Operant Strategy Shifting Paradigm
Published on: May 4, 2020
Holding the Belief That Gender Roles Can Change Reduces Women's Work-Family Conflict
Charlotte H Townsend1, Laura J Kray1, Alexandra G Russell2
1University of California, Berkeley, USA.
Abstract:
Across four studies (N = 1544), we examined the relationship between individuals' gender role mindsets, or beliefs about the malleability versus fixedness of traditional gender roles, and work-family conflict. We found that undergraduate women (but not men) business students holding a fixed, compared to growth, gender role mindset anticipated more work-family conflict. Next, we manipulated gender role mindset and demonstrated a causal link between women's growth mindsets (relative to fixed mindsets and control conditions) and reduced work-family conflict. We showed mechanistically that growth gender role mindsets unburden women from prescriptive gender roles, reducing work-family conflict. Finally, during COVID-19, we demonstrated a similar pattern among working women in high-achieving dual-career couples. We found an indirect effect of women's gender role mindset on job and relationship satisfaction, mediated through work-family conflict. Our preregistered studies suggest that holding the belief that gender roles can change mitigates women's work-family conflict.
Related Concept Videos
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
Relationship Formation
Horney's Sociocultural Approach
Cognitive Dissonance
Self-Discrepancy Theory

