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Sexual Assault Experiences in the Active-Component Army: Variation by Year, Gender, Sexual Orientation, and

Avery Calkins, Matthew Cefalu, Terry L Schell

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    Sexual assault in the Army often involves male peers and occurs on installations. Victims report assaults are sexual, abusive, or humiliating, with variations by gender and sexual orientation.

    Keywords:
    Enlisted PersonnelLGBTQ+ PopulationsMilitary Education and TrainingMilitary FacilitiesMilitary OfficersSexual AbuseSexual AssaultSexual HarassmentUnited States Army

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    Area of Science:

    • Military sociology
    • Criminology
    • Gender studies

    Background:

    • Sexual assault remains a significant issue within military organizations.
    • Understanding the specific contexts and characteristics of these assaults is crucial for prevention and support.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the circumstances of sexual assault experiences among active-component Army soldiers.
    • To explore variations in assault types, perpetrator characteristics, and settings based on victim demographics and installation risk.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of data from the 2016 and 2018 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Members.
    • Descriptive statistics and comparative analyses based on gender, sexual orientation, and installation risk level.

    Main Results:

    • Most assaults were perpetrated by a lone, male, enlisted military peer and occurred on a military installation.
    • Nearly 90% of victims perceived the assault as sexual, and over half as abusive or humiliating.
    • Significant differences were observed in assault behaviors and settings by gender; sexual minorities, particularly men, may face more violent or abusive assaults.

    Conclusions:

    • Sexual assault in the Army is predominantly perpetrated by male peers on installations, often with sexual or abusive intent.
    • Gender and sexual orientation significantly influence the nature and context of sexual assaults.
    • Findings highlight the need for tailored interventions addressing specific risk factors and victim demographics.