The principle underlying all evolution, biological, geophysical, social and technological

Area of Science:

• Thermodynamics
• Physics of evolution
• Interdisciplinary science

Background:

• Research areas for a special issue were identified.
• Existing literature covers these areas.
• The constructal law provides a unifying principle.

Purpose of the Study:

• To demonstrate that the constructal law covers all identified research areas.
• To show the constructal law as a universal principle of evolution.
• To integrate natural and social sciences under a single physical law.

Main Methods:

• Review of published articles and books.
• Application of the constructal law (1996) as a universal principle.
• Demonstration of the law's applicability to diverse phenomena.

Main Results:

• All identified research areas are covered by the constructal law.
• The constructal law unifies natural and social sciences, living and non-living matter.
• Physics now encompasses social organization, economics, and human perceptions as physical facts.

Conclusions:

• The constructal law is a fundamental principle of evolution applicable across disciplines.
• Thermodynamics provides a universal framework for understanding evolution.
• Physics can extend its scope to include human-centric phenomena, emphasizing their physical basis.