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Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Packaging01:32

Chromatin Packaging

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Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
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Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography
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Extended DNA Fibers for High-Resolution Mapping.

Paul Fransz1,2, José van de Belt3, Hans de Jong3

  • 1Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. p.f.fransz@uva.nl.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|June 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

DNA fiber-FISH is a simple microscopy technique for mapping DNA sequences. It remains crucial for detecting chromosomal rearrangements and species differences, even with advanced sequencing.

Keywords:
Chromatin fiberExtended DNA fiberFISHPhysical mapping

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • DNA fiber-FISH is a light microscopy method for mapping DNA sequences at the molecular scale.
  • It utilizes standard fluorescence microscopy and DNA labeling kits for visualization in any tissue.
  • Despite advancements in sequencing, it offers unique high-resolution capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the DNA fiber-FISH technique for high-resolution mapping.
  • To highlight its continued importance in genetics and molecular biology.
  • To provide insights into preparing extended DNA fibers for analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes standard fluorescence microscopy.
  • Employs DNA labeling kits for sequence visualization.
  • Involves preparation of extended DNA fibers.

Main Results:

  • DNA fiber-FISH effectively maps unique and repeat sequences.
  • The method allows visualization of DNA from diverse tissues.
  • It is essential for detecting chromosomal rearrangements and interspecies variations.

Conclusions:

  • DNA fiber-FISH is an accessible and valuable tool for high-resolution DNA mapping.
  • It complements high-throughput sequencing by providing unique insights.
  • The technique is indispensable for detailed genetic and evolutionary studies.