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Distrust as a form of inequality.

Jennifer T Kubota1,2, Samuel A Venezia3, Richa Gautam3

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Social hierarchies are fundamental to human interaction.
  • Status influences thoughts, feelings, and actions.
  • The role of status cues in trust and resource allocation remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how ascribed and perceived status influence trust in economic decisions.
  • To examine the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on investment decisions within a Trust Game.
  • To differentiate the predictive power of consensus-based vs. appearance-based status judgments on trust.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted three pre-registered experiments using a Trust Game.
  • Manipulated socioeconomic status (SES) through ascription (Study 1) and visual cues like clothing (Studies 2-3).
  • Assessed participants' investment decisions based on partners' perceived and consensus-based status.

Main Results:

  • Participants consistently trusted high SES partners more than low SES partners.
  • Subjective perceptions of status, particularly from visual cues, were stronger predictors of trust than consensus judgments.
  • A significant high status-trust bias was observed in financial investment decisions.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals exhibit a bias towards trusting high-status partners in resource allocation scenarios.
  • Subjective visual perceptions of status can drive trust decisions independently of objective or consensus-based status.
  • This bias may stem from implicit assumptions about higher rank correlating with trustworthiness.