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Author Spotlight: Eco-Friendly Pest Management Using Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Mustard Aphids

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Insecticidal Cyclodepsitetrapeptides from Mortierella alpina.

Johannes Rassbach¹, Peter Merseburger¹, Jacob M Wurlitzer¹

¹Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (Hans-Knöll-Institute), Department Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Winzerlaer Strasse 2, 07745 Jena, Germany.

Journal of Natural Products

|June 21, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Early diverging fungi yield novel bioactive peptides called cycloacetamides. These compounds are safe for human cells but selectively kill fruit fly larvae, offering potential pest control solutions.

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Area of Science:

Mycology
Natural Product Chemistry
Insect Toxicology

Background:

Early diverging fungi, including *Mortierella alpina*, are recognized as sources of valuable bioactive peptides.
Screening fungal isolates is a key strategy for discovering novel natural products with potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and characterize novel bioactive peptides from early diverging fungi.
To evaluate the biological activity and safety profile of the discovered compounds.

Main Methods:

Screening of 22 fungal isolates and precursor-directed biosynthesis.
Structure elucidation using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and High-Resolution Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS/MS).
Determination of absolute configuration via Marfey's analysis and total synthesis.

Main Results:

Identification of a new family of threonine-linked cyclotetradepsipeptides, designated cycloacetamides A-F (compounds 1-6).
Structural confirmation and determination of absolute configurations for cycloacetamides A-F.
Cycloacetamides demonstrated no cytotoxicity against human cells.
High selective insecticidal activity was observed against fruit fly larvae.

Conclusions:

*Mortierella alpina* and related fungi are promising sources for novel bioactive peptide discovery.
Cycloacetamides represent a new class of insecticidal compounds with a favorable safety profile for human cells.
These findings suggest potential applications for cycloacetamides in agricultural pest control.