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Microcracking in Concrete01:20

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Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
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Metamaterial adhesives for programmable adhesion through reverse crack propagation.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Adhesion Science

Background:

  • Traditional adhesives are either permanent with high strength or reversible with low strength.
  • Existing strong reversible adhesives often require complex fabrication or lack independent control over strength and release.
  • Current limitations hinder applications in areas like wearable devices, robotics, and material disassembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel metamaterial adhesives with simultaneously strong and reversible adhesion.
  • To achieve independent control over adhesion strength and release mechanisms.
  • To enable spatially selectable adhesion strength for versatile applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized programmed cut architectures in metamaterials to control crack propagation.
  • Engineered nonlinear cuts that force cracks to propagate backward, enhancing adhesion.
  • Developed a maskless, digital fabrication framework for rapid customization.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a 60× enhancement in adhesion by suppressing crack propagation through backward crack growth.
  • Demonstrated easy release and reusability by allowing crack growth in the opposite direction.
  • Showcased tunable adhesion with independently programmable strength in two directions simultaneously.
  • Validated functionality across diverse adhesives, substrates, and conditions (wet/dry).

Conclusions:

  • Metamaterial adhesives with programmed cuts offer a breakthrough in tunable adhesion.
  • This technology enables strong, releasable, and directionally controllable bonding for advanced applications.
  • The digital fabrication approach allows for rapid customization of adhesive properties.