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Patellar surface strain.

S A Goldstein, E Coale, A P Weiss

    Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    This study on knee biomechanics found that patellar surface strains are highest during specific knee flexion angles. Patellar prostheses can alter these strains, with some designs minimizing the effect.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomechanics
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Orthopedic Surgery

    Background:

    • The patella's surface strain is critical for understanding knee joint mechanics and prosthesis performance.
    • Previous research has not fully elucidated how different patellar resurfacing components affect in-situ strains.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To measure longitudinal surface strains on the anterior patella under various simulated physiological conditions.
    • To compare strains between natural patellas and those resurfaced with different prosthetic components.
    • To evaluate the influence of knee flexion and quadriceps angles on patellar strain.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized twelve pairs of human cadaver knee specimens.
    • Simulated controlled quadriceps loads, quadriceps angles, and knee flexion angles (45-60 degrees).

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  • Measured mid-anterior longitudinal surface strains on natural and resurfaced patellas (domed, bifaceted, metal-backed polyethylene).

    • Main Results:

    • Peak patellar surface strains occurred between 45 to 60 degrees of knee flexion.
    • Medial and lateral quadriceps angle alterations did not significantly reduce strain.
    • Polyethylene patellar prostheses generally increased strains, with bifaceted designs showing a minimizing effect.
    • Metal backing on prostheses reduced recorded surface strains.

    Conclusions:

    • Patellar surface strain is highly dependent on knee flexion angle.
    • Patellar prosthesis design significantly influences surface strain, with "total contact" or bifaceted designs potentially reducing adverse effects.
    • Strain measurements offer a valuable method for evaluating patellar prosthesis designs and resurfacing techniques.