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Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions
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Faces do not guide attention in an object-based facilitation manner.

Tong Xie1,2, Shimin Fu3, Giovanni Mento4,5

  • 1Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, 8, 35131, Padova, Italy. tong.xie@studenti.unipd.it.

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Faces do not guide spatial attention like objects do, showing no object-based attention (OBA) effect. This absence is likely due to the processing cost of complex facial features, hindering attention shifts.

Keywords:
Double-rectangle paradigmFaceFiltering costObject-based attention

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Face processing is known to capture attention, but its role in spatial attention allocation remains under-researched.
  • Object-based attention (OBA) effects demonstrate how attention is guided by object representations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether human faces elicit object-based attention (OBA) effects.
  • To explore how facial features, such as race and the presence of eyes, influence OBA.

Main Methods:

  • A modified double-rectangle paradigm was used, replacing rectangles with human faces and non-face objects (mosaic patterns).
  • Experiments manipulated facial features (race, eye presence) and stimulus presentation timing to assess OBA facilitation.

Main Results:

  • A typical OBA effect was observed for non-face objects but was absent for both Asian and Caucasian faces.
  • Removing the eye region from faces did not induce an OBA effect.
  • An OBA effect for faces emerged only when they disappeared before response, suggesting a temporal component.

Conclusions:

  • Human faces, irrespective of race or specific features like eyes, do not typically elicit object-based attention (OBA).
  • The absence of OBA for faces is attributed to a filtering cost associated with processing the entire facial stimulus.
  • This processing cost impedes attention shifts within faces, negating the typical OBA facilitation observed with simpler objects.