Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Biomedical Applications: A Review.

Area of Science:

• Material Science
• Nanotechnology
• Biomedical Applications

Background:

• Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are extensively utilized in material science due to their biocompatibility, low toxicity, and cost-effectiveness.
• They are prominent metal oxide nanoparticles with diverse healthcare and biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the synthesis, properties, and therapeutic applications of ZnO NPs.
• To explore the potential of ZnO NPs as an antiviral treatment, specifically against SARS-CoV-2.
• To discuss nanotechnology-based strategies for COVID-19 prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on ZnO NPs synthesis, properties, and applications.
• Analysis of the structural properties and infection mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2.
• Examination of current COVID-19 treatments and emerging nanotechnology-based approaches.

Main Results:

• ZnO NPs can be synthesized through green methods, avoiding hazardous precursors.
• ZnO NPs exhibit potential as antibiotics, antioxidants, anti-diabetics, and cytotoxic agents.
• Zinc, present in ZnO NPs, possesses antiviral properties beneficial for respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions:

• ZnO NPs offer a promising, cost-effective, and biocompatible nanomaterial for various therapeutic applications.
• Green synthesis of ZnO NPs presents an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional methods.
• Nanotechnology, particularly using ZnO NPs, holds significant potential for combating viral infections like COVID-19.