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A cycle-level recovery method for embedded processor against HT tamper.

Wanting Zhou1, Kuo-Hui Ye2, Shiwei Yuan1

  • 1Research Institute of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xi Yuan Ave., West High-Tech Zone, Chengdu, 611731, Sichuan, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a hardware security method for embedded processors to counter hardware trojans (HT) and code tampering. The proposed cycle-level recovery ensures real-time restoration from attacks with minimal hardware overhead.

Keywords:
Embedded processorFault recoveryGPRsHardware securityInternet of Things (IoT)

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Engineering
  • Hardware Security
  • Embedded Systems

Background:

  • Embedded processors are crucial for the Internet of Things (IoT) but vulnerable to hardware trojans (HT) and code tamper attacks.
  • Existing security measures may not offer sufficient real-time protection against sophisticated hardware threats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel cycle-level recovery method for embedded processors to defend against hardware trojans (HT) and code tamper attacks.
  • To ensure rapid and reliable restoration of processor state following detected security breaches.

Main Methods:

  • Development of two hardware-implementation units: a General-Purpose Register (GPRs) backup unit and a Program Counter (PC) rollback unit.
  • Implementation of a detection mechanism to identify HT tamper events.
  • Integration of the recovery units with an open RISC-V core (PULPino) for verification.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method enables fast recovery by rolling back to the exact PC address of the erroneous instruction.
  • The system successfully resumes instruction execution after a detected tamper.
  • Experimental results on the PULPino core demonstrate real-time recovery capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • The developed cycle-level recovery method effectively protects embedded processors against hardware trojans and code tampering.
  • The solution provides real-time restoration from abnormal states with reasonable hardware costs.
  • This approach enhances the security and reliability of embedded processors in IoT applications.