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Drug-Induced Kounis Syndrome: Latest Novelties.
Paula Ollo-Morales1,2, Marta Gutierrez-Niso1, Elena De-la-Viuda-Camino1
1Department of Allergy, Hospital Universitario Araba, Vitoria, Spain.
Current Treatment Options in Allergy
|June 26, 2023
Summary
Kounis syndrome (KS), a dangerous hypersensitivity reaction causing acute coronary syndrome, is often triggered by medications like antibiotics and NSAIDs. This review updates knowledge on drug-induced KS, offering diagnostic and treatment guidelines.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Allergology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Kounis syndrome (KS) is a critical condition involving acute coronary syndrome (ACS) secondary to hypersensitivity reactions.
- Drug-induced KS is a significant, often underdiagnosed, medical emergency, with medications being the primary cause.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated review of drug-induced Kounis syndrome.
- To offer current guidelines for the diagnosis and management of drug-induced KS.
- To consolidate practical resources for clinicians managing KS from both cardiologic and allergologic perspectives.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review focusing on drug-induced KS over the past five years.
- Analysis of data concerning the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies for KS.
- Synthesis of information to highlight variability in diagnosis and treatment protocols.
Main Results:
- Antibiotics and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common drug culprits in KS.
- Significant variability exists in the current diagnostic and treatment approaches for Kounis syndrome.
- The review consolidates practical information for managing KS.
Conclusions:
- Drug-induced Kounis syndrome requires prompt recognition and management.
- Standardized, evidence-based guidelines are needed to improve KS care.
- Future research should focus on developing validated tools for patient-centered KS management.
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