Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Levels of Use of a GIS01:29

Levels of Use of a GIS

72
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) operate across three levels of application, each representing an increasing degree of complexity: data management, analysis, and prediction. These levels reflect the expanding functionality and versatility of GIS technology in handling spatial data for diverse purposes.Data ManagementAt its foundational level, GIS serves as a tool for data management, enabling the input, storage, retrieval, and organization of spatial data. This level is often employed in...
72
Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

8.7K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
8.7K
Data Collection by Observations01:08

Data Collection by Observations

12.1K
Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
An astronomer viewing the motion and brightness of stars in the sky and recording the data is an example of observational data collection. A botanist recording...
12.1K
Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

15.5K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
15.5K
Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

12.1K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
12.1K
Cross-Sectional Research01:50

Cross-Sectional Research

11.4K
In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
11.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Uncovering Phenotypic Expansion in AXIN2-Related Disorders through Precision Animal Modeling.

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics·2026
Same author

Lysozyme-Associated Nephropathy in Myeloid Neoplasms: A Clinicopathological and Mass Spectrometric Study of Two Cases.

Nephron·2026
Same author

Sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid profiling in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

DIOPT: the DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool, 2026 update.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

From Diagnostic Challenge to Clinical Success: Rapid Multiplex PCR Identification of Cryptosporidium in HIV-Associated Refractory Diarrhea: A Case Report.

Clinical case reports·2026
Same author

Proliferative Glomerulonephritis with Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposits with Severe Acute Kidney Injury Successfully Managed by Clone-Directed Therapy: A Case Report.

Nephron·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Measuring the Structure, Composition, and Change of Underwater Environments with Large-area Imaging
09:19

Measuring the Structure, Composition, and Change of Underwater Environments with Large-area Imaging

Published on: April 18, 2025

649

Drone Observation for the Quantitative Study of Complex Multilevel Societies.

Tamao Maeda1,2, Shinya Yamamoto3

  • 1Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8203, Japan.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) enable individual identification and tracking in complex multilevel societies. This technology enhances understanding of group aggregation and behavioral dynamics in species with intricate social structures.

Keywords:
UAVcomplex societydronemultilevel societyorthomosaic

More Related Videos

Acquisition of High-Quality Digital Video of Drosophila Larval and Adult Behaviors from a Lateral Perspective
07:00

Acquisition of High-Quality Digital Video of Drosophila Larval and Adult Behaviors from a Lateral Perspective

Published on: October 4, 2014

8.9K
The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Measuring the Structure, Composition, and Change of Underwater Environments with Large-area Imaging
09:19

Measuring the Structure, Composition, and Change of Underwater Environments with Large-area Imaging

Published on: April 18, 2025

649
Acquisition of High-Quality Digital Video of Drosophila Larval and Adult Behaviors from a Lateral Perspective
07:00

Acquisition of High-Quality Digital Video of Drosophila Larval and Adult Behaviors from a Lateral Perspective

Published on: October 4, 2014

8.9K
The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Ethology
  • Animal Social Structures

Background:

  • Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used in behavioral ecology.
  • Previous drone applications were limited to single groups and lacked individual identification.
  • Multilevel societies involve stable core units forming larger, multiple-unit groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce drone technology and individual identification for studying complex social structures, specifically multilevel societies.
  • To demonstrate the capability of drones in tracking numerous individuals within these societies.
  • To explore how drones can reveal unique spatial positioning and behavioral propagation patterns in multilevel groups.

Main Methods:

  • Application of drone technology for behavioral ecology studies.
  • Implementation of individual identification techniques using drone-captured data.
  • Observation and analysis of spatial positioning and movement patterns in multilevel social groups.

Main Results:

  • Drones successfully identified, located, and tracked over a hundred individuals in a multilevel social group.
  • Observed heterogeneous spatial positioning and distinct behavioral propagation mechanisms compared to single-level groups.
  • Facilitated detailed analysis of group aggregation and social dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Drone technology with individual identification offers novel insights into the quantitative definition and assessment of multilevel societies.
  • Enhanced understanding of the mechanisms driving multiple group aggregation.
  • Potential for drones to address various research questions across different species exhibiting multilevel social systems.