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Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Blockade and Biomarkers of Response in Lymphoma: A Narrative Review

Sarah Perdikis-Prati1, Semira Sheikh2, Antonin Bouroumeau3

  • 1Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.

Biomedicines
|June 28, 2023
PubMed

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized the prognosis of several advanced-stage solid tumors. However, its success has been far more limited in hematological malignancies and is mostly restricted to classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma (PMBCL). In patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), response to PD-1/PD-L1 ICB monotherapy has been relatively limited, although some subtypes are more sensitive than others. Numerous predictive biomarkers have been investigated in solid malignancies, such as PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI), among others. This review aims to appraise the current knowledge on PD-1/PD-L1 ICB efficacy in lymphoma when used either as monotherapy or combined with other agents, and describes potential biomarkers of response in this specific setting.

Keywords:
Hodgkin lymphomaPD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitorsnon-Hodgkin lymphomapredictive biomarkerstumor mutational burden

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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