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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Sensory-Processing Sensitivity Is Associated with Increased Neural Entropy.

Nike Walter1, Nicole Meinersen-Schmidt2, Patricia Kulla2

  • 1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93059 Regensburg, Germany.

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|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Highly sensitive individuals exhibit increased neural entropy during rest, suggesting enhanced information processing. This study links sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) to electroencephalogram (EEG) complexity, potentially aiding clinical diagnostics.

Keywords:
EEGentropynonlinear dynamicsself-organized criticalitysensory-processing sensitivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology
  • Complexity Science

Background:

  • Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) is a trait characterized by deeper cognitive processing and heightened emotional reactivity.
  • Understanding the neurophysiological underpinnings of SPS is crucial for its scientific validation and potential clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between self-reported sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) and electroencephalogram (EEG) complexity and criticality features.
  • To identify significant EEG differences between individuals with high and low levels of SPS during a resting state.

Main Methods:

  • 115 participants underwent 64-channel EEG recording during a task-free resting state.
  • EEG data were analyzed using criticality theory (detrended fluctuation analysis, neuronal avalanche analysis) and complexity measures (sample entropy, Higuchi's fractal dimension).
  • Correlations with the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS-G) were calculated, and the highest and lowest 30% of scorers were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was found between HSPS-G scores and sample entropy and Higuchi's fractal dimension during resting with eyes open.
  • Individuals with high SPS demonstrated significantly higher sample entropy values compared to those with low SPS.
  • Increased sample entropy in the highly sensitive group was particularly evident in the central, temporal, and parietal brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence of neurophysiological complexity features associated with SPS during a resting state.
  • Findings indicate distinct neural processing patterns between low- and highly-sensitive individuals, with higher neural entropy observed in the latter.
  • The results support the theory of enhanced information processing in highly sensitive persons and may inform the development of diagnostic biomarkers.