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Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
Published on: September 15, 2017
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Inflammatory Mediators of Endothelial Dysfunction
Eirini Dri1, Evangelos Lampas2, George Lazaros1
11st Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital, Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Vas. Sofias 114, 11528 Athens, Greece.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 28, 2023
Summary
Endothelial dysfunction involves imbalanced vascular tone and inflammation, impacting cardiovascular health. This review highlights key inflammatory markers and pathways like NLRP3 inflammasome, crucial for understanding atherosclerosis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a state of imbalanced vasodilation/vasoconstriction, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation, and reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.
- Endothelial cell integrity is vital for vascular tone, hemostasis, cell adhesion, smooth muscle proliferation, and preventing vascular inflammation.
- Atherosclerosis progression is linked to inflammatory modulators and adhesion molecules, serving as predictors for cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and summarize current knowledge on inflammatory modulators and signaling pathways involved in endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.
- To explore the role of specific cytokines (e.g., IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10) and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) in cardiovascular disease prediction.
- To investigate emerging indicators such as the NLRP3 inflammasome and disrupted hydrogen sulfide (H2S) bioavailability in endothelial inflammation.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of existing reviews, research articles, and clinical trials.
- Analysis of data concerning inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways implicated in endothelial dysfunction.
- Synthesis of information on biomarkers predicting atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
Main Results:
- Identified key inflammatory modulators (cytokines, adhesion molecules) and their association with atherosclerosis.
- Highlighted the significance of signaling pathways like NLRP3 inflammasome in endothelial inflammation.
- Emphasized the role of altered H2S bioavailability as a potential indicator of endothelial dysfunction.
Conclusions:
- Endothelial dysfunction is a critical factor in atherosclerosis, driven by specific inflammatory pathways and biomarkers.
- Understanding these inflammatory modulators and signaling pathways is essential for predicting and potentially treating cardiovascular diseases.
- Emerging indicators like NLRP3 inflammasome and H2S bioavailability offer new avenues for research and clinical application.
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