Transmission-Reflection-Integrated Multifunctional Passive Metasurface for Entire-Space Electromagnetic Wave...

Area of Science:

• Electromagnetism
• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Metasurfaces (MSs) enable novel electromagnetic (EM) phenomena but often operate unidirectionally (transmission or reflection).
• Existing MS designs leave half of the EM space unmodulated, limiting their application scope.
• There is a need for integrated devices capable of manipulating EM waves across the entire space.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and demonstrate a transmission-reflection-integrated multifunctional passive MS.
• To achieve entire-space electromagnetic wave manipulation using a single metasurface.
• To explore novel applications in integrated systems through advanced EM wave control.

Main Methods:

• Design of a passive MS incorporating an H-shaped chiral grating-like microstructure and open square patches.
• Simulation and fabrication of the proposed multifunctional MS.
• Experimental measurement and validation of simulated results for transmission and reflection modes.

Main Results:

• The MS transmits x-polarized waves and reflects y-polarized waves.
• Efficient linear-to-circular and linear-to-orthogonal polarization conversion achieved at specific frequency bands (3.05-3.25, 3.45-3.8, 6.45-6.85 GHz).
• Artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) behavior observed within the 12.6-13.5 GHz band for y-polarized waves, with a peak polarization conversion ratio (PCR) of -0.52 dB at 3.8 GHz.

Conclusions:

• The proposed passive MS effectively manipulates EM waves in both transmission and reflection modes, achieving entire-space control.
• The design demonstrates viability through successful simulation, fabrication, and experimental validation.
• This work offers a pathway for developing multifunctional meta-devices with potential applications in modern integrated systems.