Kinetics-Driven Dual Hydrogen Spillover Effects for Ultrasensitive Hydrogen Sensing
Haijie Cai1, Na Luo1, Xiaowu Wang1
1Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, NEST lab, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 28, 2023
Summary
This study engineered a novel hollow Pd-NiO/SnO2 nanocavity for enhanced hydrogen (H2) gas sensing. The unique structure promotes dual spillover effects, achieving ultrasensitive H2 detection with a low limit.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Palladium (Pd)-modified metal oxide semiconductors (MOSs) show hydrogen (H2) sensing via spillover.
- Sluggish kinetics on limited Pd-MOS surfaces hinder H2 sensor performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To engineer a hollow Pd-NiO/SnO2 buffered nanocavity for kinetically driven H2 spillover.
- To achieve ultrasensitive H2 sensing by enhancing H2 absorption and ab/desorption rates.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a hollow Pd-NiO/SnO2 nanocavity structure.
- Utilizing ex situ XPS, in situ Raman, and density functional theory (DFT) for analysis.
- Fabrication and testing of Pd-NiO/SnO2 gas sensors.
Main Results:
- The nanocavity structure facilitates enhanced H2 absorption and improved kinetic rates.
- Dual H2 spillover effect observed due to the confined buffer space.
- Pd-NiO/SnO2 sensors demonstrated ultrasensitive response (0.1-1000 ppm H2) and a low detection limit (100 ppb) at 230 °C.
Conclusions:
- The engineered hollow nanocavity significantly boosts H2 sensing performance.
- The dual yolk-shell surface and spillover effect are key to ultrasensitive H2 detection.
- This approach surpasses the performance of most reported H2 sensors.
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