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Updated: Jul 25, 2025

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Published on: April 18, 2025
Frontotemporal dementia: Past, present, and future
Hulya Ulugut1,2, Yolande A L Pijnenburg1
1Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Introduction:
The history of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is both old and new. This study explores its historical roots, dating back to the 19th century, while recognizes it as a distinct neurological entity only a few decades ago.
Methods:
This qualitative study and literature review provides an overview of FTD's historical background, birth, evolution, and future directions.
Results:
Recognition of FTD was hindered by rigid perceptions of dementia, the division between neurology and psychiatry, reliance on IQ-based assessment, limited neuroimaging capabilities, and lack of pathological proof. Overcoming these barriers involved revisiting early pioneers' approaches, focusing on focal impairment, establishing non-Alzheimer's disease cohorts, fostering collaboration, and developing diagnostic criteria. Current gaps include the need for biology-oriented psychiatry education, biological biomarkers, and culturally sensitive, objective clinical instruments predicting underlying pathology.
Discussion:
Independent multidisciplinary centers are essential. The future of FTD lies in disease-modifying therapies, presenting new opportunities for healthcare professionals and researchers.
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