Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

402
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
402
Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

326
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
326
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

637
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
637
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

2.0K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
2.0K
Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes01:15

Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes

240
Non-oral extravascular routes, which encompass sublingual, buccal, topical, intramuscular, and inhalation methods, primarily utilize passive diffusion to transport drugs into the systemic circulation. The absorption rates and effectiveness of these routes depend on the drug's physicochemical properties, as well as the patient's anatomical and pathophysiological state.
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more...
240
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

573
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
573

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Telehealth Utilization for Prostate Cancer Management in the Veteran Affairs Healthcare System: A Study from 2016 to 2023.

Journal of general internal medicine·2026
Same author

The relationship between physical activity levels and measures of cognition and disease severity in prodromal Parkinson's disease: A longitudinal study.

BMC neurology·2026
Same author

Retraction notice to "Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) delivery approaches in regenerative medicine" [Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 166 (2023) 115301].

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026
Same author

In situ forming gelatin/gellan gum hybrid hydrogels containing graphene quantum dots for imaging and effective drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil in local therapy of breast cancer.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026
Same author

MOF-808/graphene oxide composite as an efficient adsorbent for urea removal: experimental and atomistic study.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Integration of polysaccharide electrospun nanofibers with microneedle arrays promotes wound regeneration: A review" [Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 258 (2024) 128482].

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Author Spotlight: Innovative Microneedle-Based Strategies for Enhanced Exosome Delivery and Stability
07:41

Author Spotlight: Innovative Microneedle-Based Strategies for Enhanced Exosome Delivery and Stability

Published on: July 12, 2024

2.3K

Biomaterial-based delivery platforms for transdermal immunotherapy.

Mohammad Dahri1, Nima Beheshtizadeh2, Nasrin Seyedpour3

  • 1Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Computational Biology and Chemistry Group (CBCG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|June 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Transdermal immunotherapy utilizes advanced biomaterials and devices like nanoparticles and microneedles for treating diverse diseases. This review explores strategies, materials, and applications for effective immune system modulation.

Keywords:
BiomaterialsMicroneedlePenetration enhancersSkin patchesTransdermal immunotherapy

More Related Videos

Intra-lymph Node Injection of Biodegradable Polymer Particles
09:06

Intra-lymph Node Injection of Biodegradable Polymer Particles

Published on: January 2, 2014

14.6K
Development of an Economical DNA Delivery System by "Acufection" and its Application to Skin Research
09:42

Development of an Economical DNA Delivery System by "Acufection" and its Application to Skin Research

Published on: April 19, 2017

7.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Author Spotlight: Innovative Microneedle-Based Strategies for Enhanced Exosome Delivery and Stability
07:41

Author Spotlight: Innovative Microneedle-Based Strategies for Enhanced Exosome Delivery and Stability

Published on: July 12, 2024

2.3K
Intra-lymph Node Injection of Biodegradable Polymer Particles
09:06

Intra-lymph Node Injection of Biodegradable Polymer Particles

Published on: January 2, 2014

14.6K
Development of an Economical DNA Delivery System by "Acufection" and its Application to Skin Research
09:42

Development of an Economical DNA Delivery System by "Acufection" and its Application to Skin Research

Published on: April 19, 2017

7.5K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Immunotherapy is a critical treatment modality for various diseases by modulating immune system function.
  • Numerous studies explore diverse immunotherapy approaches using various biomaterials and carriers, including nanoparticles (NPs) and microneedles (MNs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current immunotherapy strategies, biomaterials, devices, and target diseases.
  • To highlight transdermal delivery systems and their applications in immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on transdermal immunotherapy.
  • Discussion of various biomaterials (e.g., NPs, vesicle-based NPs) and devices (e.g., MNs).
  • Analysis of transdermal therapeutic methods including semisolids, skin patches, and penetration enhancers.

Main Results:

  • Microneedles are frequently used in transdermal immunotherapy for cancers, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders.
  • Biomaterials vary in properties and responsiveness to external stimuli (e.g., magnetic, photo, pH).
  • Vesicle-based nanoparticles like niosomes, transferosomes, and exosomes are key components in transdermal delivery.
  • Transdermal immunotherapy vaccines show potential for infectious diseases (e.g., Ebola, COVID-19) and other conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Transdermal immunotherapy offers a promising route for disease treatment by leveraging innovative biomaterials and delivery systems.
  • Microneedles and nanoparticles represent key technologies in advancing transdermal immunotherapy strategies.
  • The review underscores the broad applicability of transdermal immunotherapy across oncology, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders.