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Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
Published on: April 11, 2018
A procedure and model for the identification of uni- and biarticular structures passive contribution to
Axel Koussou1,2, Raphaël Dumas3, Eric Desailly4
1Fondation Ellen Poidatz, Pôle Recherche & Innovation, 77310, Saint-Fargeau-Ponthierry, France. axel.koussou@fondationpoidatz.com.
Abstract:
Inter-segmental moments come from muscles contractions, but also from passive moments, resulting from the resistance of the periarticular structures. To quantify the passive contribution of uni- and biarticular structures during gait, we propose an innovative procedure and model. 12 typically developed (TD) children and 17 with cerebral palsy (CP) participated in a passive testing protocol. The relaxed lower limb joints were manipulated through full ranges of motion while kinematics and applied forces were simultaneously measured. The relationships between uni-/biarticular passive moments/forces and joint angles/musculo-tendon lengths were modelled by a set of exponential functions. Then, subject specific gait joint angles/musculo-tendon lengths were input into the determined passive models to estimate joint moments and power attributable to passive structures. We found that passive mechanisms contribute substantially in both populations, mainly during push-off and swing phases for hip and knee and push-off for the ankle, with a distinction between uni- and biarticular structures. CP children showed comparable passive mechanisms but larger variability than the TD ones and higher contributions. The proposed procedure and model enable a comprehensive assessment of the passive mechanisms for a subject-specific treatment of the stiffness implying gait disorders by targeting when and how passive forces are impacting gait.
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