Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman Disease: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Histopathology
• Oncology

Background:

• Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare, benign non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
• The skin is the most common extranodal site for RDD.
• Cutaneous RDD without lymphadenopathy is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

• Primary cutaneous RDD presents diagnostic challenges due to non-specific clinical and histologic features.
• Accurate diagnosis of primary cutaneous RDD can be significantly delayed.
• Approximately 220 cases of purely cutaneous RDD have been reported.

Findings:

• This report details a unique case of cutaneous RDD.
• The case highlights the difficulties in achieving accurate clinical and histopathologic diagnosis of RDD.
• Emphasizes the rarity of RDD presenting solely in the skin.

Implications:

• Increased awareness of RDD's varied presentations is crucial.
• Improved diagnostic criteria for cutaneous RDD may reduce diagnostic delays.
• Further research into RDD pathogenesis and diagnosis is warranted.