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Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Experiences Among Older Adults With Disabling Conditions.

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Older adults with disabilities faced greater financial hardship and healthcare delays during the COVID-19 pandemic, with disparities exacerbated by race and ethnicity. County-level social vulnerability also played a role.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected vulnerable populations, including older adults with disabilities.
  • Understanding the multifaceted experiences of this demographic is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the health, work, and financial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults with disabling conditions.
  • To explore the influence of county- and state-level factors on these experiences.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study.
  • Employed regression and multilevel modeling to analyze differences based on disability status, race/ethnicity, and geographic factors.

Main Results:

  • Older adults with disabilities reported increased financial hardship, delayed healthcare, and work disruptions compared to their non-disabled peers.
  • These disparities were more pronounced across racial and ethnic groups.
  • Individuals with disabilities were more likely to reside in counties with higher social vulnerability.

Conclusions:

  • The findings highlight the urgent need for a public health strategy that specifically includes and protects older adults with disabilities.
  • Addressing social determinants of health at the county level is essential for mitigating pandemic-related disparities.