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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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A Syngeneic Mouse B-Cell Lymphoma Model for Pre-Clinical Evaluation of CD19 CAR T Cells
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Immune-based therapies in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Dustin McCurry1, Christopher R Flowers2, Casey Bermack1

  • 1Oncology Fellow, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.

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|July 3, 2023
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Recent advances in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treatment include new immunotherapies like CAR T-cells and antibody therapies. Future strategies aim for chemotherapy-free regimens tailored to tumor biology for better outcomes.

Keywords:
Antibody therapiesCAR T-cellsDiffuse large B-Cell lymphomaEndogenous anti-tumor immune responseImmunotherapies

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive B-cell malignancy with high rates of refractory disease or relapse.
  • Current first-line treatments are insufficient for a significant portion of DLBCL patients.
  • Recent years have seen significant progress in DLBCL treatment modalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in DLBCL treatment, focusing on immunotherapeutic approaches.
  • To review first-line and relapsed/refractory setting treatments for DLBCL.
  • To explore the impact of DLBCL subtype biology and host immune response on therapeutic efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed for publications from 2000 to March 2023.
  • Search terms included "immunotherapy," "monoclonal antibodies," "chimeric antigen receptor modified T-cell (CAR-T)," and "classification of DLBCL."
  • Relevant clinical trials and pre-clinical studies were reviewed, analyzing strengths, weaknesses, and biological factors influencing efficacy.

Main Results:

  • New immune therapies, including CAR T-cells and antibody-based treatments, have been approved for DLBCL.
  • The efficacy of current immune therapies varies based on DLBCL subtype biology and host immune factors.
  • Research highlights the potential of personalized medicine in DLBCL treatment.

Conclusions:

  • The landscape of DLBCL treatment is rapidly evolving with the integration of novel immunotherapies.
  • Future treatments are expected to minimize chemotherapy exposure, prioritizing regimens based on intrinsic tumor biology.
  • Personalized, chemotherapy-free regimens hold promise for improved outcomes, particularly for poor-risk DLBCL subgroups.