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Author Spotlight: Insights into an Efficient Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model Protocol
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Mucosal adhesion phenomenon after maxillary sinus floor elevation: A preclinical study.

Yasushi Nakajima1,2, Karol Alí Apaza Alccayhuaman2,3, Daniele Botticelli2

  • 1Department of Oral Implantology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.

Clinical Oral Implants Research
|July 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Maxillary sinus floor elevation can cause mucosal layers to adhere. Histological analysis revealed epithelial hyperplasia and adhesion formation, progressing to synechiae when mucosa layers are in close contact.

Keywords:
Schneiderian membranebiomaterialbone healingmaxillary sinus elevationsynechiae

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Maxillary sinus floor elevation is a common procedure in dental implantology.
  • Understanding mucosal healing dynamics is crucial for successful outcomes.
  • Potential complications include mucosal adhesion and hyperplasia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To histologically describe events following maxillary sinus floor elevation.
  • To analyze mucosal behavior when elevated and undetached sinus mucosa are in close proximity or contact.

Main Methods:

  • Histological analysis of 152 elevated maxillary sinuses in 76 rabbits.
  • Classification of adhesion stages: No proximity, Proximity, Fusion, and Synechia.
  • Measurement of epithelial width and mucosal layer distance.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-one sites showed adhesions.
  • Proximity stage: Shortened, interlinked cilia; goblet cell hyperactivity.
  • Fusion stage: Epithelial cell interpenetration.
  • Synechiae stage: Connective tissue bridges formed.

Conclusions:

  • Close mucosal contact after sinus elevation can induce epithelial hyperplasia.
  • Adhesion progresses through stages, potentially leading to synechiae formation.
  • These histological events impact the success of sinus augmentation procedures.