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Switchable Acoustic and Optical Resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy for In Vivo Small-animal Blood Vasculature Imaging
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Acoustoelectric Time-Reversal for Ultrasound Phase-Aberration Correction.

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    A new acoustoelectric time reversal (AETR) method corrects ultrasound phase aberrations caused by skull or other layers. This technique significantly improves lateral resolution and focal pressure for brain imaging and therapy applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Medical Imaging Physics

    Background:

    • Acoustoelectric imaging (AEI) combines ultrasound (US) and radio frequency recording to map current densities.
    • Ultrasound beam aberrations limit the resolution and effectiveness of AEI and other US-based techniques, particularly in brain imaging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and validate a novel acoustoelectric time reversal (AETR) method for correcting US phase aberrations.
    • To assess the efficacy of AETR in improving lateral resolution and focal pressure through aberrating media.

    Main Methods:

    • Simulations were performed at 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 MHz US frequencies through layered media to induce US beam aberrations.
    • AETR utilized calculated time delays of acoustoelectric (AE) signals from a monopole source to correct for aberrations.
    • Bench-top experiments used a 2.5 MHz US array and 3D-printed aberrators to validate AETR feasibility.

    Main Results:

    • Simulations showed AETR recovered 29%-100% of lateral resolution and increased focal pressure by up to 283%.
    • Experiments demonstrated AETR restored up to 100% of lost lateral resolution and increased focal pressure by up to 230%.

    Conclusions:

    • AETR is a powerful tool for correcting focal aberrations in the presence of a local current source.
    • AETR has significant potential applications in AEI, US imaging, neuromodulation, and therapeutic ultrasound.