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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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Complex working memory in adults with and without stuttering disorders: Performance patterns and predictive

Naomi Eichorn1, Jessica Hall1, Klara Marton2

  • 1The University of Memphis, 4055 N. Park Loop, Memphis, TN, 38152, USA.

Journal of Fluency Disorders
|July 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adults who stutter (AWS) show subtle working memory (WM) differences compared to adults who do not stutter (AWNS). Poorer verbal WM scores correlate with greater stuttering impact and behaviors, suggesting a complex relationship.

Keywords:
Attention controlStutteringWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Speech and Language Pathology

Background:

  • Previous working memory (WM) studies in stuttering often used parent reports or focused on phonological WM.
  • Limited research exists on complex WM in adults who stutter (AWS) compared to adults who do not stutter (AWNS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare complex WM performance between AWS and AWNS.
  • To identify performance patterns in WM tasks for both groups.
  • To investigate if WM capacity predicts stuttering severity.

Main Methods:

  • Eighteen AWS and 20 AWNS completed verbal and spatial span tasks with interleaved distractors.
  • Measures included recall accuracy, distraction task performance, and item-level analyses.
  • WM span scores were correlated with subjective and objective stuttering severity measures.

Main Results:

  • AWS exhibited lower recall, particularly in spatial tasks at shorter set sizes, compared to AWNS.
  • No significant group differences were found in distraction task performance or error patterns.
  • Lower verbal span scores predicted greater stuttering impact and overt behaviors; lower spatial span scores predicted lower impact.

Conclusions:

  • Adults who stutter demonstrate subtle WM deficits compared to controls, more evident under specific task conditions.
  • The relationship between WM and stuttering severity is complex and task-dependent.
  • Findings support domain-general cognitive weaknesses in stuttering but require further investigation.