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Systemic inflammation index, disease severity, and mortality in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and

Arduino A Mangoni1,2, Angelo Zinellu3

  • 1Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Frontiers in Immunology
|July 7, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The systemic inflammation index (SII) is a valuable biomarker for predicting severe COVID-19 outcomes. Higher SII levels on admission correlate with increased risk of severe disease and mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Systemic inflammation is linked to severe COVID-19 and mortality.
  • The utility of specific inflammatory biomarkers for risk stratification in COVID-19 remains uncertain.

Approach:

  • Conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 studies.
  • Searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from December 2019 to March 2023.
  • Assessed risk of bias and certainty of evidence using established methodologies.

Key Points:

  • Patients with severe COVID-19 or non-survivors had significantly higher SII values on admission.
  • SII was significantly associated with the risk of severe disease or death (OR=1.007, HR=1.99).
  • Pooled sensitivity and specificity for severe disease or mortality were 0.71 and 0.71, respectively, with an AUC of 0.77.

Conclusions:

  • The systemic inflammation index (SII) is a reliable inflammatory biomarker derived from routine hematological parameters.
  • SII on admission is significantly associated with severe COVID-19 and mortality.
  • SII can aid in the early risk stratification of COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19biomarkersdisease severityinflammationmortalityrisk stratificationsystemic inflammation index

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