Emerging Progress of RNA-Based Antitumor Therapeutics

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Oncology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• RNA-based therapeutics, including mRNA, siRNA, miRNA, ASO, and saRNA, offer significant potential for cancer treatment.
• Recent advancements in RNA modifications and delivery systems are crucial for stable and efficient *in vivo* RNA delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the progress of RNA-based antitumor therapeutics.
• To discuss the optimization of RNA modifications, delivery systems, and mechanisms of action.
• To evaluate the potential and limitations of various RNA cargos for cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive review of current literature on RNA-based antitumor therapeutics.
• Analysis of key aspects including immunogenicity, stability, translation efficiency, and delivery methods.
• Discussion of RNA aptamers and CRISPR-based gene editing in cancer treatment.

Main Results:

• Development of targeted RNA therapeutics with enhanced specificity and efficacy.
• Optimization strategies for RNA modifications and delivery systems have improved *in vivo* performance.
• Understanding of mechanisms by which RNA-based drugs elicit antitumor responses.

Conclusions:

• RNA-based therapeutics, encompassing mRNA, siRNA, miRNA, ASO, and saRNA, are rapidly advancing for cancer treatment.
• Continued research into RNA modifications, delivery, and mechanisms will further unlock their therapeutic potential against various cancers.