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Experimentally Realizable PT Phase Transitions in Reflectionless Quantum Scattering.

Micheline B Soley1,2,3,4, Carl M Bender5, A Douglas Stone3,6

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Quantum scattering experiments with specific potentials reveal spontaneous parity-time symmetry breaking. This phenomenon, observable in cold-atom systems, leads to unique reflectionless states and phase transitions.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Atomic physics
  • Mathematical physics

Background:

  • Parity-time (PT) symmetry breaking is a key concept in quantum mechanics.
  • Real potentials in quantum scattering offer experimentally accessible systems.
  • Previous studies explored PT symmetry in various quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate spontaneous PT symmetry breaking in above-barrier quantum scattering.
  • Analyze the properties of reflectionless states and phase transitions.
  • Determine the experimental feasibility in cold-atom scattering.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized truncated real potentials of the form V(x)=-|x|^{p}.
  • Analyzed quantum scattering properties as a function of the parameter p.
  • Identified unbroken, broken, and mixed phases of PT symmetry.

Main Results:

  • Spontaneous PT symmetry breaking occurs as the parameter p is varied.
  • The unbroken phase exhibits reflectionless states linked to bound states in the continuum.
  • A mixed phase with exceptional points was identified at specific energies and p values.

Conclusions:

  • Above-barrier quantum scattering with V(x)=-|x|^{p} provides a platform for observing PT symmetry breaking.
  • The identified phenomena, including reflectionless states and exceptional points, are expected to be observable in cold-atom experiments.