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Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

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Final-State Condition and Dissipative Quantum Mechanics.

¹Department of Physics and Center for Theoretical Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

|July 8, 2023

Summary

Black hole evaporation must result in a unique final state due to unitarity. This study proposes a mechanism, similar to quantum dissipation, to achieve this unique black hole remnant using theories with many fields.

Keywords:

Hawking radiation black hole information loss paradox

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Area of Science:

Theoretical Physics
Quantum Gravity
Black Hole Physics

Background:

Unitarity in quantum mechanics requires that information is conserved during black hole evaporation.
The nature of the black hole final state (remnant) is a key unresolved issue in quantum gravity.
Existing models struggle to reconcile the uniqueness demanded by unitarity with the complexity of black hole formation.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a mechanism for achieving a unique black hole final state consistent with unitarity.
To explore the implications of UV theories with infinitely many fields for black hole remnants.
To connect the concept of black hole final state uniqueness to quantum-mechanical dissipation.

Main Methods:

Theoretical modeling based on quantum field theory in curved spacetime.
Analogy drawn between black hole evaporation and quantum dissipation processes.
Consideration of ultraviolet (UV) complete theories with a large number of fields.

Main Results:

A mechanism is proposed where the black hole final state can be unique, irrespective of initial conditions.
The proposed mechanism leverages the properties of theories with infinitely many fields.
The analogy to quantum dissipation provides a framework for understanding the process.

Conclusions:

The uniqueness of the black hole final state is achievable through a dissipation-like quantum mechanism.
Infinitely many fields in a UV theory are crucial for this mechanism.
This approach offers a potential resolution to the black hole information paradox.