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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

1.8K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
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Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

1.1K
Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
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Resistivity01:22

Resistivity

3.6K
When a voltage is applied to a conductor, an electrical field is generated, and charges in the conductor feel the force due to the electrical field. The current density that results depends on the electrical field and the properties of the material. In some materials, including metals at a given temperature, the current density is approximately proportional to the electrical field. In these cases, the current density can be modeled as:
3.6K
Pressure Gauges01:20

Pressure Gauges

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Most pressure gauges, like those on scuba tanks, are calibrated to read zero at atmospheric pressure. Readings from such gauges are called the gauge pressure, which is the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. When the pressure inside the tank exceeds atmospheric pressure, the gauge reports a positive value. Some gauges are designed to measure negative pressure. For example, many physics experiments must take place in a vacuum chamber, a rigid chamber from which some of the air is pumped...
3.5K
Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving

1.2K
San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in...
1.2K
Constant Pressure Calorimetry03:02

Constant Pressure Calorimetry

85.5K
Calorimetry is a technique used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process or to measure the heat transferred to or from a substance. The heat is exchanged with a calibrated and insulated device called the calorimeter. Calorimetry experiments are based on the assumption that there is no heat exchange between the insulated calorimeter and the external environment. The well-insulated calorimeters prevent the transfer of heat between the calorimeter and its external...
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IoT Sensor Challenges for Geothermal Energy Installations Monitoring: A Survey.

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This survey explores Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensors for geothermal energy monitoring. It reviews sensor technologies, communication, and cloud solutions, highlighting future opportunities for geothermal installations.

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Area of Science:

  • Geoscience and Renewable Energy Engineering

Background:

  • Geothermal energy installations are increasingly prevalent in urban development and retrofitting.
  • Advancements in geothermal technology necessitate sophisticated monitoring and control systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify future development and deployment opportunities for Internet-of-Things (IoT) sensors in geothermal energy installations.
  • To survey current sensor technologies, communication methods, and cloud solutions for geothermal monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Review of sensor technologies for monitoring temperature, flow rate, and mechanical parameters.
  • Survey of Internet-of-Things (IoT) communication technologies, cloud solutions, energy harvesting, and edge computing for geothermal applications.

Main Results:

  • Detailed presentation of sensor types, their technological backgrounds, and potential applications in geothermal systems.
  • Analysis of IoT node designs, data transmission, cloud services, energy harvesting, and edge computing relevant to geothermal monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Discussion of current research challenges in IoT sensor deployment for geothermal energy.
  • Outlines new application areas and technological innovations for IoT sensor solutions in geothermal monitoring.