Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

185
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
185
Vision01:24

Vision

53.6K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
53.6K
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

4.0K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
4.0K
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

454
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
454
Visual System01:26

Visual System

623
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
623
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:24

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

566
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
566

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Physical activity enhances theta-periodicity of visual attentional allocation.

iScience·2026
Same author

Universal rhythmic architecture uncovers two modes of neural dynamics.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Opposing effects of slow and fast theta synchrony on working memory in the human hippocampal-orbitofrontal network.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Spectral mapping reveals a resemblance of the anesthetic brain state to both sleep and coma.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Temporal kinetics of brain state effects on visual perception.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

A communication subspace relays context-dependent actions from human prefrontal to motor cortex.

Nature neuroscience·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

25.6K

Distinct ventral stream and prefrontal cortex representational dynamics during sustained conscious visual perception.

Gal Vishne1, Edden M Gerber1, Robert T Knight2

  • 1Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.

Cell Reports
|July 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Neural representations of sensory input remain stable in sensory regions but are transient in frontoparietal regions, challenging theories of consciousness. This suggests distinct brain areas support sustained perception versus discrete perceptual updating.

Keywords:
CP: Neurosciencediscrete perceptiondistributed codingneural adaptationneural correlates of consciousnessperceptual awarenessrepresentationrepresentational drifttime-consciousnessvisual perception

More Related Videos

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

8.4K
Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention
05:36

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

Published on: November 16, 2017

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

25.6K
Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

8.4K
Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention
05:36

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

Published on: November 16, 2017

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Sustained sensory input is common, yet research often overlooks sustained neural responses, focusing on transient initial reactions.
  • Existing neural theories of consciousness struggle to explain the full duration of subjective experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of neural representations during sustained sensory input.
  • To differentiate the roles of sensory and frontoparietal brain regions in conscious perception.

Main Methods:

  • Intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings from ten epilepsy patients.
  • Presentation of diverse images of varying durations to elicit neural responses.
  • Analysis of distributed neural representations in sensory and frontoparietal areas.

Main Results:

  • Sensory regions exhibit sustained and stable distributed representations of image categories and exemplars, despite fluctuating activation magnitudes.
  • Frontoparietal regions show transient neural content representation, primarily at stimulus onset.
  • A dissociation in temporal dynamics between sensory and frontoparietal neural activity was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Sustained perception may depend on stable sensory representations.
  • Discrete perceptual updating, or shifts in attention, might rely on transient frontoparietal representations.
  • The findings link anatomical brain regions to the temporal characteristics of conscious experience.