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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
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Association between contrast sensitivity function and structural damage in primary open-angle glaucoma.

Ruiqi Pang1, Jieting Peng1,2, Kai Cao1

  • 1Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|July 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contrast sensitivity impairment, especially at low spatial frequencies, is a key indicator of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) structural damage. This functional measure may help assess glaucoma severity.

Keywords:
glaucoma

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
  • Assessing structural damage in POAG is crucial for disease management.
  • Functional visual deficits, like contrast sensitivity, may offer insights into early glaucomatous changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and structural damage in patients with POAG.
  • To determine if CSF measures can predict or correlate with specific markers of glaucomatous damage.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 103 patients diagnosed with POAG.
  • Contrast sensitivity function (CSF) was measured using a novel active learning algorithm across 19 spatial frequencies.
  • Structural parameters including peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL), macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC), and vascular networks (RPC, macular vasculature) were assessed using OCT and OCT angiography.

Main Results:

  • Area under log CSF (AULCSF) and CSF acuity showed positive correlations with pRNFL thickness, RPC density, mGCC thickness, and macular vessel density.
  • Significant associations were found between contrast sensitivities at various spatial frequencies and structural parameters, with stronger correlations at lower frequencies.
  • RPC density and mGCC thickness were significant predictors of contrast sensitivity at low spatial frequencies (1 and 1.5 cycles per degree).

Conclusions:

  • Impairment in contrast sensitivity, particularly at low spatial frequencies, is a characteristic functional deficit in POAG.
  • Contrast sensitivity serves as a potential functional endpoint for quantifying glaucoma severity.
  • These findings highlight the utility of CSF testing in the comprehensive evaluation of POAG.