Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...

Conserved Binding Sites

Conserved Binding Sites

Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally...

Ligand Binding Sites

Ligand Binding Sites

Proteins are dynamic macromolecules that carry out a wide variety of essential processes; however, the activities of most proteins depend on their interactions with other molecules or ions, known as ligands.
Protein-ligand interactions are quite specific; even though numerous potential ligands surround a cellular protein at any given time, only a particular ligand can bind to that protein. Moreover, a ligand binds only to a dedicated area on the surface of the protein, known as the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Revised Adaptive Immune Receptor Data in the Immune Epitope Database.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Cancer epitope prediction tools and analysis pipelines in CEDAR.

Nucleic acids research·2026

Same author

VO: The Vaccine Ontology.

Scientific data·2026

Same author

The Cell Ontology in the age of single-cell omics.

Scientific data·2026

Same author

NetMHCIIphosPan: A Machine Learning Tool for Predicting HLA Class II Antigen Presentation of Phosphorylated Peptides.

Journal of proteome research·2026

Same author

Empiric azithromycin alters the upper respiratory microbiome and resistome without anti-inflammatory benefit in COVID-19.

Nature microbiology·2026

Same journal

Social Drivers of Health in the Electronic Health Record.

Annual review of biomedical data science·2026

Same journal

Artificial Intelligence in Image-Based Cardiovascular Disease Analysis.

Annual review of biomedical data science·2026

Same journal

Reclaiming Data, Restoring Health: The Indigenous Biomedical Data Science Renaissance.

Annual review of biomedical data science·2026

Same journal

Modeling the Language of Codons with Artificial Intelligence.

Annual review of biomedical data science·2026

Same journal

Exploring Genetic Variations Associated with the Immune Response in Underrepresented Populations.

Annual review of biomedical data science·2026

Same journal

Sex and the Genome: Divergent Genetic Architecture Across the Human Lifespan.

Annual review of biomedical data science·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2025

A High Throughput MHC II Binding Assay for Quantitative Analysis of Peptide Epitopes

A High Throughput MHC II Binding Assay for Quantitative Analysis of Peptide Epitopes

Published on: March 25, 2014

Immunoinformatics: Predicting Peptide-MHC Binding.

Morten Nielsen^1,2, Massimo Andreatta², Bjoern Peters^3,4

¹Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.

Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science

|July 10, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Immunoinformatics uses computational tools to predict how molecules present antigens to T cells. This is crucial for developing personalized vaccines and cancer therapies by understanding individual immune responses.

Keywords:

MHC T cells antigen presentation immune epitopes machine learning

More Related Videos

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2021

Author Spotlight: A Computational Approach to Decipher Amino Acid Preferences in Multispecific Protein-Protein Interactions

Author Spotlight: A Computational Approach to Decipher Amino Acid Preferences in Multispecific Protein-Protein Interactions

Published on: January 26, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 24, 2025

A High Throughput MHC II Binding Assay for Quantitative Analysis of Peptide Epitopes

A High Throughput MHC II Binding Assay for Quantitative Analysis of Peptide Epitopes

Published on: March 25, 2014

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Immunopeptidomics: Isolation of Mouse and Human MHC Class I- and II-Associated Peptides for Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2021

Author Spotlight: A Computational Approach to Decipher Amino Acid Preferences in Multispecific Protein-Protein Interactions

Author Spotlight: A Computational Approach to Decipher Amino Acid Preferences in Multispecific Protein-Protein Interactions

Published on: January 26, 2024

Area of Science:

Immunoinformatics
Computational Biology
Immunology

Background:

Understanding antigen presentation by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules to T cells is fundamental to adaptive immunity, infections, and cancer.
The polygenic and polymorphic nature of MHC necessitates advanced bioinformatics for mapping diverse allotypes and their peptide-binding specificities.
Personalized medicine relies on predicting MHC-presented antigens for immune system manipulation and therapeutic design.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the development of computational tools for predicting peptide-MHC binding.
To showcase advancements from pioneering methods to state-of-the-art approaches in immunoinformatics.
To enable accurate prediction of peptide binding across all MHC molecules, including uncharacterized ones.

Main Methods:

Application of computer science methodologies to model the immune system.
Development and refinement of computational algorithms for predicting peptide-MHC interactions.
Leveraging bioinformatics to map extensive MHC allotypes and their unique peptide-binding characteristics.

Main Results:

Creation of computational tools enabling accurate prediction of peptide binding to MHC molecules.
Advancement in understanding the rules governing antigen presentation by MHC.
Facilitation of T cell epitope discovery for vaccine and cancer research.

Conclusions:

Computational tools are essential for predicting peptide-MHC binding, advancing immunoinformatics.
Accurate prediction models are key to personalized medicine, vaccine development, and cancer immunotherapy.
The developed tools extend predictive capabilities to all MHC molecules, including novel ones.