Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 24, 2025
07:39
Facile Synthesis of Worm-like Micelles by Visible Light Mediated Dispersion Polymerization Using Photoredox Catalyst
Published on: June 8, 2016
9.6K
Visible Light-Accelerated Photoiniferter Polymerization in Ionic Liquid
Arunjunai R S Santha Kumar1,2,3, Stephanie Allison-Logan3, John R Finnegan3
1Rubber Technology Center, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, WB, India.
ACS Macro Letters
|July 10, 2023
Summary
Ionic liquids significantly enhance visible-light photoiniferter polymerization rates for N,N-Dimethyl acrylamide. This method offers precise control over polymer molecular weight and dispersity, enabling robust block copolymer synthesis.
Area of Science:
- Polymer Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Visible-light photoiniferter polymerization offers a controlled method for polymer synthesis.
- Ionic liquids are emerging as versatile solvents with unique properties for chemical reactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of ionic liquids on visible-light-induced photoiniferter polymerization.
- To synthesize N,N-Dimethyl acrylamide polymers and block copolymers with controlled characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Photoiniferter polymerization of N,N-Dimethyl acrylamide in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ionic liquid.
- Synthesis of block copolymers with varying ratios.
- Characterization using MALDI-ToF MS for chain-end fidelity analysis.
Main Results:
- Considerable increase in polymerization rate constants observed in ionic liquids and mixed solvents compared to water alone.
- Precise control over molecular weight and mass dispersity (Đ) achieved.
- Demonstrated robustness of the process for block copolymer synthesis with high chain-end fidelity.
Conclusions:
- Ionic liquids effectively enhance the rate and control of visible-light photoiniferter polymerization.
- The developed method is robust and suitable for synthesizing well-defined block copolymers.
- High chain-end fidelity is achievable, confirmed by MALDI-ToF MS analysis.
Related Concept Videos
01:14Photoluminescence: Applications
437
Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
437
00:57Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
2.4K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.4K
01:04Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
2.1K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.1K
01:20Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
01:23Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
2.1K
Photoluminescence is a process where a molecule absorbs light energy and re-emits it in the form of light. This phenomenon occurs when a substance absorbs photons, promoting its electrons to higher energy level excited states, followed by a relaxation process in which the electrons return to their original ground state energy levels and emit light. Photoluminescence is widely observed in various materials, including semiconductors, and organic and inorganic compounds.
A pair of electrons in a...
A pair of electrons in a...
2.1K