Synthesis of CsPbBr₃ in Micro Total Reaction System: Fast Operation Space Mapping and Subsecond Growth Process...

Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (LHP NCs) have the characteristics of fast reaction kinetics and crystal instability due to the intrinsically highly ionic bonding between the respective ions, which bring challenges for revealing the growth kinetics and practical applications. Compared with conventional batch synthesis methods, the single-function microreactor can achieve precise and stable control of the NCs synthesis process, but it still has the shortcoming of not being able to obtain information about the growth process. In this study, a micro Total Reaction System (μTRS) with remote control, online detection, and rapid data analysis functions is designed. μTRS can sample the photoluminescence information of CsPbBr₃ NCs growth in ligand-assisted reprecipitation method. CsPbBr₃ NCs with an emission range of 435-492 nm are successfully detected, which breaks the record of the smallest size of CsPbBr₃ NCs synthesized directly from precursors. The real-time feature of μTRS enables the construction of an automated close-loop synthesis system. Besides, the rapid acquisition and timely processing of product information enable the rapid mapping of the operation space for CsPbBr₃ NCs preparation, which provides a reliable and learnable data set for designing a fully autonomous microreaction system capable of synthesizing NCs.