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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
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Microfluidic Approach for Modeling Coupled Circadian Clock.

Kui Han1, Yanyi Huang2

  • 1Changping Laboratory, Beijing, China.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|July 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new microfluidic device enables studying intercellular coupling in the mammalian circadian clock at the single-cell level. This technology successfully synchronizes fibroblast cells, offering new insights into central clock mechanisms.

Keywords:
Circadian clockImagingIntercellular couplingMicrofluidicsSingle cell

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Intercellular coupling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is crucial for circadian robustness in mammals.
  • Existing in vitro methods for studying intercellular coupling cause perturbations, limiting accurate analysis.
  • Understanding central circadian clock mechanisms requires advanced in vitro models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microfluidic device for quantitative, single-cell analysis of circadian clock intercellular coupling.
  • To investigate the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in synchronizing circadian oscillations.
  • To establish a novel in vitro model mimicking central clock function.

Main Methods:

  • Design and implementation of a microfluidic device for single-cell studies.
  • Engineering mouse adult fibroblasts (MAF) to express VIP receptors (VPAC2).
  • Utilizing clock mutant Cry1-/- MAF cells to assess VIP-induced intercellular coupling.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated VIP-induced coupling is sufficient to synchronize circadian oscillations in engineered MAF cells.
  • Showcased the microfluidic platform's ability to maintain robust circadian rhythms.
  • Validated the platform as a proof-of-concept for reconstituting central clock intercellular coupling.

Conclusions:

  • The microfluidic platform provides a versatile tool for studying intercellular regulation networks.
  • This approach offers new insights into the coupling mechanisms of the mammalian circadian clock.
  • The technology can phenotypically mimic SCN slice cultures and in vivo mouse behavior.