Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reclosers and Fuses01:26

Reclosers and Fuses

132
Automatic circuit reclosers enhance the protection of distribution circuits by interrupting and auto-reclosing an AC circuit according to a preset sequence. They effectively manage temporary faults on overhead distribution lines, often caused by tree limbs or wildlife, by briefly disrupting service to improve overall reliability. However, contact with reclosers or energized broken conductors on the ground can pose serious hazards.
A comprehensive protection scheme for radial distribution...
132
Distribution Reliability and Automation01:25

Distribution Reliability and Automation

134
Distribution reliability in electrical power systems is critical for ensuring an uninterrupted power supply to consumers at minimal cost. According to IEEE Standard Terms, reliability is the probability that a device will function without failure over a specified time period or amount of usage. For electric power distribution, this translates to maintaining continuous power supply and addressing customer concerns over power outages. Several indices, as defined by IEEE Standard 1366-2012, are...
134
Line Protection with Impedance Relays01:27

Line Protection with Impedance Relays

101
Coordinating time-delay overcurrent relays in complex radial systems and directional overcurrent relays in multi-source transmission loops can be challenging. Impedance relays address these issues by responding to the voltage-to-current ratio, specifically measuring the apparent impedance of a line. These relays become more sensitive during faults as current increases and voltage decreases, thereby reducing the apparent impedance.
Under normal conditions, low load currents keep the measured...
101
Zones of Protection01:16

Zones of Protection

236
In power systems, the entire setup is divided into protective zones to isolate faults and protect the rest of the network. These zones include generators, transformers, buses, transmission lines, distribution lines, and motors. Each zone can be visualized as a separate room in a house, with each room protected by its own circuit breaker.
Protective zones are defined by closed dashed lines, containing one or more components. A key characteristic of these zones is the strategic placement of...
236
Differential Relays01:20

Differential Relays

181
Differential relays are used to protect generators, buses, and transformers by comparing electrical quantities at different points. When a fault occurs, the difference in current between the two points triggers the relay to operate, opening the circuit breaker. Under normal conditions, the current entering (i1) and leaving (i2) a generator are equal. When a fault occurs, however, these currents become unequal, and the difference current flows in the relay operating coil, causing the relay to...
181
Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits01:21

Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits

114
Determining the subtransient fault current in a power system involves representing transformers by their leakage reactances, transmission lines by their equivalent series reactances, and synchronous machines as constant voltage sources behind their subtransient reactances. In this analysis, certain elements are excluded, such as winding resistances, series resistances, shunt admittances, delta-Y phase shifts, armature resistance, saturation, saliency, non-rotating impedance loads, and small...
114

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Low carbon optimization for wind integrated power systems with carbon capture and energy storage under carbon pricing.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Day-ahead economic dispatch of wind-integrated microgrids using coordinated energy storage and hybrid demand response strategies.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

A Secure Dual-Layer Fault Protection Strategy for Distribution Network with DERs: Enhancing Security in the Face of Communication Challenges.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

A THD-Based Fault Protection Method Using MSOGI-FLL Grid Voltage Estimator.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Reducing Detrimental Communication Failure Impacts in Microgrids by Using Deep Learning Techniques.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same author

New Rotor Position Redundancy Decoding Method Based on Resolver Decoder.

Micromachines·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment
04:35

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.9K

A Comparative Study of Smart THD-Based Fault Protection Techniques for Distribution Networks.

Wael Al Hanaineh1, Jose Matas1, Josep M Guerrero2

  • 1Electric Engineering Department, Polytechnic University of Catalonia (EEBE-UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

New fault protection strategies using Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) enhance distribution system (DS) reliability. The SOGI-THD method offers faster fault detection and isolation in power systems with distributed generators (DGs).

Keywords:
SOGI-FLLdistribution systemfault protectiontotal harmonic distortion

More Related Videos

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
06:04

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator

Published on: February 14, 2025

507
Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
06:45

Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator

Published on: October 28, 2022

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment
04:35

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.9K
Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
06:04

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator

Published on: February 14, 2025

507
Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
06:45

Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator

Published on: October 28, 2022

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Power Systems Engineering
  • Control Systems

Background:

  • Distributed Generators (DGs) improve power delivery but introduce bi-directional power flow, complicating traditional protection schemes.
  • Conventional protection strategies require frequent relay setting adjustments due to network topology and operational mode changes.
  • Novel fault protection techniques are essential for reliable operation and to prevent nuisance tripping in modern distribution systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare two distribution system (DS) protection strategies utilizing Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) levels, estimated voltages, and zero-sequence components.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies, specifically those employing Multiple Second Order Generalized Integrator (MSOGI) and single SOGI (SOGI-THD), for fault detection, identification, and isolation.
  • To assess the performance against conventional overcurrent and differential protection methods.

Main Methods:

  • Development and simulation of two DS protection strategies using THD, estimated amplitude voltages, and zero-sequence components as fault indicators.
  • Implementation of a Multiple Second Order Generalized Integrator (MSOGI) in the first strategy and a single SOGI in the second (SOGI-THD) for variable estimation.
  • Utilizing communication lines between protective devices for coordinated protection and conducting simulations in MATLAB/Simulink under various fault conditions.

Main Results:

  • The SOGI-THD method demonstrated high effectiveness in detecting and isolating faults within 6-8.5 ms.
  • This method required minimal computational resources, executing in only 447 processor cycles.
  • The SOGI-THD approach proved robust against harmonic distortion, accurately detecting faults even with pre-existing harmonic content.

Conclusions:

  • The SOGI-THD protection strategy offers a superior solution for fault management in distribution systems with distributed generators.
  • Its faster response time, lower computational burden, and robustness to harmonics make it advantageous over conventional methods.
  • The integration of THD analysis provides a reliable indicator for advanced fault detection and isolation in smart grids.