Robot-assisted augmented reality surgical navigation based on optical tracking for mandibular reconstruction surgery

Area of Science:

• Medical Engineering
• Surgical Navigation
• Robotics

Background:

• Mandibular reconstruction presents challenges in precision and safety.
• Free fibular flap reconstruction is a common method for mandibular defects.
• Current navigation systems may lack integrated robotic assistance for osteotomy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a robot-assisted augmented reality (AR) surgical navigation system for mandibular reconstruction.
• To improve the accuracy and safety of osteotomy procedures during mandibular reconstruction.
• To integrate AR visualization with robotic arm guidance for enhanced surgical outcomes.

Main Methods:

• The system comprises an AR guidance module and a robot navigation module.
• AR calibration uses image tracking markers for virtual model superimposition.
• Robot navigation involves optical tracking and registration of CT images for precise positioning.

Main Results:

• Cadaveric assessments showed mean osteotomy errors of 1.61 mm (mandible) and 1.08 mm (fibula) with AR guidance alone.
• Combined AR-robot guidance achieved mean osteotomy errors of 1.47 mm (mandible) and 0.98 mm (fibula).
• Mean mandibular reconstruction errors were 1.36 mm (AR) and 1.20 mm (AR-robot).

Conclusions:

• The robot-assisted AR surgical navigation system is effective for mandibular reconstruction.
• The system demonstrates significant potential clinical value for free fibular flap procedures.
• Cadaveric studies confirm the system's accuracy and safety in complex reconstructions.