The Effect of Different Types of Collagen Membranes on Peri-Implant Dehiscence Defects

This experimental study aimed to compare the bone-implant contact (BIC) following guided bone regeneration with 3 bioabsorbable collagen membranes on peri-implant dehiscence defects.

Forty-eight standard dehiscence defects were created in the sheep iliac bone crest, and dental implants were placed into the defects. With the guided bone regeneration technique, the autogenous graft was placed into the defect and covered with different types of membranes: Geistlich Bio-Gide, Ossix Plus, and Symbios Prehydrated were covered. One group was left without a membrane as the control group (C) by applying only an autogenous graft. After recovery periods of 3 and 6 weeks, the experimental animals were sacrificed. Histologic sections were prepared by a nondecalcified method, and BIC was examined.

There was no statistically important difference between groups in the third week ( P >0.05). A statistically significant difference between groups was found in the sixth week ( P <0.01). Bone-implant contact values of the C group were significantly lower than those of the Geistlich Bio-Gide and Ossix Plus groups ( P <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between control and Symbios Prehydrated groups ( P >0.05). In all sections, osseointegration was observed, with no signs of inflammation, necrosis, or foreign body reaction.

In our study, it has been concluded that the resorbable collagen membranes used in treating peri-implant dehiscence defects might affect the BIC, and the success varies according to the type of membrane used.