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Related Concept Videos

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
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Regional Pulmonary Morphology and Function: Photon-counting CT Assessment.

Sarah C Scharm1, Cornelia Schaefer-Prokop1, Hinrich B Winther1

  • 1From the Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany (S.C.S., H.B.W., C.H., T.W., J.V.C., F.K.W., H.O.S.); Department of Radiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); Department of Radiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (C.S.P.); and Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany (J.V.C., F.K.W., H.O.S.).

Radiology
|July 11, 2023
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Summary

This study shows a new photon-counting CT (PCCT) protocol can assess lung structure, blood vessels, and function in one scan. This advanced imaging technique offers a robust and efficient way to evaluate pulmonary health without extra hardware.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Limited clinical experience exists for functional CT of the lungs without specialized equipment.
  • Assessing pulmonary vasculature, perfusion, ventilation, and structure typically requires multiple imaging sessions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a modified chest CT protocol using photon-counting CT (PCCT) for comprehensive pulmonary analysis.
  • To assess the robustness and feasibility of a single-session CT protocol for detailed lung imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 166 patients with pulmonary function impairment undergoing inspiratory and expiratory PCCT.
  • Intravenous contrast administration followed by advanced automated postprocessing to derive functional parameters.
  • Analysis of variance used to test differences in lung volumes, attenuation, ventilation, perfusion, and late contrast enhancement between patient subgroups.

Main Results:

  • The PCCT protocol successfully acquired all CT-derived parameters in 84.7% of patients.
  • Significant differences (P < .05) were observed across all assessed functional parameters between patient subgroups.
  • The protocol demonstrated dose efficiency, with radiation doses comparable to standard CT examinations.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed PCCT protocol enables simultaneous, dose-efficient evaluation of pulmonary structure, ventilation, vasculature, and perfusion.
  • This method requires advanced software but no additional hardware, making comprehensive lung analysis more accessible.
  • Visual inspection allows for voxelwise assessment of both morphologic structure and function.