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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

625
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Centrifugation01:05

Centrifugation

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Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Patterning of Microorganisms and Microparticles through Sequential Capillarity-assisted Assembly
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Island hopping of active colloids.

Venkata Manikantha Sai Ganesh Tanuku1, Peter Vogel1, Thomas Palberg1

  • 1Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany. vtanuku@uni-mainz.de.

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Summary

Self-propelled Janus particles (JP) navigate obstacles by abruptly reorienting upon collision with passive particle islands. This behavior mimics run-and-tumble swimmers, offering insights into active particle dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Colloidal science
  • Active matter physics

Background:

  • Individual active particles like active Brownian particles (ABP) and run-and-tumble (RT) swimmers have well-defined motion patterns.
  • The interaction of these active particles with obstacles is a critical, yet underexplored, research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the 2D motion of Janus particles (JP) interacting with obstacles formed by passive colloids.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms behind JP reorientation when encountering particle clusters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing AC electric fields to actuate silica-gold Janus particles (JP) in a suspension of smaller passive silica particles.
  • Observing JP movement through passive colloid aggregates, termed 'islands,' driven by electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flows.

Main Results:

  • JP exhibit straight-line motion in open areas and undergo abrupt reorientations upon colliding with particle islands.
  • Scattering events are attributed to the coupled effects of EHD flows, JP self-propulsion, and local torques.
  • The resulting trajectories of JP closely resemble the run-and-tumble (RT) motion characteristic of biological microswimmers.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals that Janus particles interacting with colloidal islands display complex trajectories.
  • The observed scattering mechanism provides a physical model for active particle navigation in structured environments.
  • This research bridges the gap between synthetic active matter and biological microswimmer dynamics.