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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Cortical structural and functional coupling during development and implications for attention deficit hyperactivity

Shania Mereen Soman¹, Nandita Vijayakumar², Phoebe Thomson^3,4

¹Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia. smsoman@deakin.edu.au.

Translational Psychiatry

|July 11, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Brain structure and function mature together in typically developing children. Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show weaker brain coupling and atypical development patterns, particularly in key cognitive regions.

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Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

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Published on: March 12, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Child Psychiatry

Background:

Brain's structural and functional connectivity are crucial for cognitive function.
Disruptions in connectivity are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders like ADHD.
Limited research exists on structure-function coupling development in typical and ADHD populations.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the longitudinal development of structure-function coupling in the brain.
To compare these developmental trajectories between typically developing children and children with ADHD.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal neuroimaging study with 175 participants (84 typically developing, 91 with ADHD) aged 9-14.
Collected up to three waves of data, totaling 278 observations.
Calculated regional structure-function coupling using Spearman's rank correlation and analyzed group differences/longitudinal changes with mixed-effect models.

Main Results:

Typically developing children showed increased structure-function coupling in higher-order cognitive and sensory regions.
Children with ADHD exhibited weaker coupling in prefrontal, temporal, and parietal areas.
Children with ADHD demonstrated accelerated coupling development in frontal, parietal, and visual regions compared to controls.

Conclusions:

Evidence supports joint maturation of structural and functional brain connections during development.
Children with ADHD display atypical structure-function coupling development, particularly in networks supporting cognition.
Findings highlight distinct developmental pathways in ADHD impacting brain coordination.