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Kinase inhibitors in thyroid cancers.

Vineeth Sukrithan1, Prachi Jain1, Manisha H Shah1

  • 1Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University and Arthur G James Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Endocrine Oncology (Bristol, England)
|July 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Kinase inhibitors are now standard for advanced thyroid cancer, offering new treatments for various types. Research continues to understand resistance mechanisms for future drug development.

Keywords:
anaplastic thyroid cancercabozantinibdabrafenibdifferentiated thyroid cancerlenvatinibmedullary thyroid cancerselpercatinibsorafenibthyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Thyroid cancer treatment has evolved with targeted therapies.
  • Kinase inhibitors target specific molecular pathways implicated in thyroid cancer growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current role of kinase inhibitors in thyroid cancer management.
  • To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies and future clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • Key studies on kinase inhibitors in thyroid cancer were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Kinase inhibitors are standard for radioactive iodine-refractory metastatic thyroid cancer.
  • New agents like cabozantinib, vandetanib, selpercatinib, pralsetinib, dabrafenib, and trametinib show efficacy in specific thyroid cancer subtypes.
  • Short-term use may re-sensitize differentiated thyroid cancer to radioactive iodine.

Conclusions:

  • Kinase inhibitors represent a significant advancement in thyroid cancer therapy.
  • Understanding resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing next-generation treatments.
  • Targeted therapies have transformed the treatment paradigm for various thyroid cancer types.