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Bidirectional Interactions between Green Tea (GT) Polyphenols and Human Gut Bacteria
Se Rin Choi1, Hyunji Lee1, Digar Singh1
1Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
|July 12, 2023
Summary
Green tea polyphenols are transformed by gut microbes into new compounds that enhance antioxidant activity. These compounds impact gut bacteria, inhibiting some while allowing beneficial Lactobacillus species to thrive.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Green tea (GT) polyphenols are extensively metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).
- Gut microbial enzymes play a crucial role in biotransforming GT polyphenols, affecting their bioactivity and bioavailability.
- Understanding these interactions is key to leveraging GT's health benefits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the in vitro interactions between 37 human gut microbiota and GT polyphenols.
- To identify specific gut bacteria involved in GT polyphenol metabolism.
- To assess the impact of GT polyphenols and their derivatives on gut microbial growth and antioxidant activity.
Main Methods:
- In vitro incubation of 37 human gut microbiota with GT polyphenols.
- UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS/MS analysis of culture broth extracts.
- Measurement of antioxidant bioactivities and assessment of effects on bacterial growth rates.
Main Results:
- Genera *Adlercreutzia*, *Eggerthella*, and *Lactiplantibacillus plantarum* promoted C-ring opening in GT catechins.
- *L. plantarum* hydrolyzed catechin galloyl esters and converted flavonoid glycosides.
- Biotransformed GT polyphenols exhibited enhanced antioxidant activities and inhibited Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, and Firmicutes, sparing *Lactobacillus*.
Conclusions:
- Gut microbiota significantly biotransform GT polyphenols, generating derivatives with altered bioactivities.
- Specific gut bacteria, like *L. plantarum*, are key players in GT polyphenol metabolism.
- GT polyphenols and their derivatives modulate gut microbiome composition, with potential implications for host health.
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