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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

21.1K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

12.0K
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
12.0K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.8K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.8K
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

563
In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
563
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

416
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
416
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

23.7K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
23.7K

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Anticancer Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation by the MTT Assay
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Transition Metal Complexes as Antimalarial Agents: A Review.

Apurba Mandal1, Rajesh Kushwaha1, Arif Ali Mandal1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India.

Chemmedchem
|July 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Developing novel antimalarial drugs is crucial due to increasing resistance. Transition metal complexes of existing antimalarials show promise for enhanced efficacy and overcoming resistance.

Keywords:
P. falciparumantimalarial agentsdrug resistancetransition metal complexes

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Area of Science:

  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Drug resistance to current antimalarials like chloroquine and artemisinin is a significant challenge in malaria treatment.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to combat malaria effectively.
  • Transition metal complexes offer a promising avenue for developing new antimalarial agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in transition metal complexes as novel antimalarial agents.
  • To explore the potential of metal complexation in overcoming existing drug resistance mechanisms.
  • To analyze the efficacy of 3d, 4d, and 5d metal-based antimalarial complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of research on transition metal complexes with antimalarial pharmacophores.
  • Categorization of complexes based on the transition metal series (3d, 4d, 5d).
  • Comparative analysis of antimalarial activity of metal complexes versus parent drugs and control complexes.

Main Results:

  • Metal complexation of known antimalarial drugs can enhance their activity and overcome resistance.
  • Complexes across different transition metal series (3d, 4d, 5d) exhibit varying antimalarial profiles.
  • Evidence suggests metal complexes can offer novel mechanisms of action against malaria parasites.

Conclusions:

  • Transition metal complexes represent a viable strategy for developing next-generation antimalarial drugs.
  • Further research and development are needed to translate these promising metal-based complexes into clinical applications.
  • Addressing potential challenges is key to the successful clinical translation of these novel therapeutics.