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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

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Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
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Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

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Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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RNA Interference01:23

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
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mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

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miRNAs for crop improvement.

Ali Raza1, Sidra Charagh2, Benjamin Karikari3

  • 1Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 35002, China.

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry : PPB
|July 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression, offering a powerful tool for developing climate-resilient crops. This review highlights miRNA applications for enhancing plant growth and stress tolerance in agriculture.

Keywords:
Abiotic stressClimate changeFood safetyGenetic engineeringPost-transcriptional changesSustainable agriculturemicroRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Biology
  • Agricultural Biotechnology
  • Genetics and Genomics

Background:

  • Climate change poses significant threats to global crop production through abiotic and biotic stresses.
  • Growing populations necessitate enhanced crop yields and resilience for sustainable food security.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and are crucial for plant development and stress responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress and potential of miRNAs in breeding stress-smart crop plants.
  • To summarize identified miRNAs and their target genes involved in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance.
  • To highlight miRNA-mediated engineering strategies and sequence-based identification technologies for crop improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on plant miRNAs and their roles in stress tolerance and development.
  • Compilation and summary of reported miRNAs and their corresponding target genes.
  • Discussion of miRNA-mediated engineering approaches and relevant sequencing technologies.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs play vital roles in regulating plant growth, development, and tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses.
  • Numerous miRNAs and their targets have been identified, offering potential for crop improvement.
  • miRNA-mediated engineering presents a promising avenue for developing resilient crop varieties.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are essential regulators with significant potential for enhancing crop resilience and productivity in the face of climate change.
  • Further research into miRNA-mediated engineering and advanced identification techniques can accelerate the development of climate-smart agriculture.
  • Harnessing the power of miRNAs is crucial for ensuring sustainable food production for a growing global population.