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Recently Added Frameshift Mutation in Human Monkeypox Virus (hMPXV) OPG191 Gene
1Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University.
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine
|July 12, 2023
Summary
A recent 2-base insertion mutation in the human monkeypox virus (hMPXV) OPG191 gene has emerged and become dominant. This frameshift mutation may be linked to the 2022 hMPXV outbreaks.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Human monkeypox virus (hMPXV) outbreaks have increased globally, notably in 2022.
- The genetic mechanisms driving hMPXV outbreaks remain largely unknown.
- Understanding viral evolution is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate recent structural variants in the hMPXV genome.
- To identify genetic mutations potentially associated with recent hMPXV outbreaks.
- To analyze the prevalence of identified mutations in the hMPXV population.
Main Methods:
- Selection of 22 hMPXV whole genome sequences from GenBank for screening.
- Bioinformatic analysis to identify mutations in viral coding regions.
- Comparative analysis of mutation prevalence across different time periods.
Main Results:
- A 2-base insertion frameshift mutation was identified in the OPG191 gene (encoding MPXVgp168 protein).
- This insertion leads to premature truncation of the MPXVgp168 protein.
- Sequences with the insertion (3,362) dominate post-2022, while sequences without (61) predate 2020.
Conclusions:
- A novel 2-base insertion frameshift mutation has recently emerged and become fixed in the prevalent hMPXV population.
- The mutation's impact on hMPXV virulence and infectivity requires further investigation.
- This genetic shift may be linked to the increased hMPXV activity observed in recent years.
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